小麦收获与选留种技术

• 出 处: 农民致富之友
• 发表日期: 1999年10期
• 关键词: 小麦收获 蜡熟期 适期 混杂退化 成熟度 茎叶部 田间选择 播种量 麦黑穗病 杂株

小麦收获适期很短,所谓“麦熟一晌”,必须及时收获。收获过早,麦粒不饱满充实,水分多,影响产量,同时,收获后茎秆籽粒都很潮湿,堆放期间容易生热发霉,造成损失。收获过迟,成熟过度,容易脱粒、断穗,损失很大。遇到刮风下雨,损失更大。 小麦收获适期应根据籽粒的成熟度确定。一般是蜡熟期,即茎叶部已变黄,但尚有弹力,麦粒还能用指甲划破,这是非留种小麦的最佳收获期。这样既可获得最高产量和最好品质,又可减少损失。但是,留种用的小麦最好在晚熟期收获。遇到晴天应及时收获。

Short period of wheat harvest is short, the so-called “wheat cooked overnight”, we must promptly harvest. Premature harvest, wheat is not full full, water and more affect the yield, at the same time, harvested stem stalks are wet, easy to heat during stacking mildew, resulting in loss. Harvest too late, over mature, easily threshed, severed ears, a great loss. Encounter wind and rain, loss greater. Wheat harvest should be based on the maturity of the grain to determine the maturity. Generally waxy period, that is, the stems and leaves have turned yellow, but still elastic, wheat can also be broken with nails, which is the best non-retained wheat harvest. In this way, the highest yield and the best quality can be obtained while reducing losses. However, it is best to harvest the wheat for later harvest. Encounter sunny should be harvested in time.