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本文对硝酸体系中三-正十二胺(TLA)的苯溶液萃取Tb(Ⅳ)的机理进行了研究。測定了萃取剂浓度和水相硝酸浓度对分配系数的影响。同时,还測定了在水相酸度恆定时,硝酸鈉、硝酸鈣和硝酸鋁对TLA-苯萃取钍的盐析效应,以及离子强度恆定时,氫离子浓度对分配系数的影响?送?我們按萃取平衡的热力学处理方法,討論了分配系数与各影响因素之間的关系,并求測了硝酸钍在不同盐析剂溶液中的平均活度系数。
In this paper, the mechanism of extracting Tb (Ⅳ) from benzene solution of tri-n-dodecylamine (TLA) in nitric acid system was studied. The effects of extractant concentration and aqueous nitric acid concentration on the partition coefficient were determined. At the same time, the salting-out effect of sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate and aluminum nitrate on the extraction of thorium with TLA-benzene and the effect of hydrogen ion concentration on the partition coefficient were also determined when the acidity of aqueous phase was constant. Extraction equilibrium method of thermodynamics, the relationship between the partition coefficient and the various influencing factors were discussed, and the average activity coefficient of thorium nitrate in different salting-out solution was determined.