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FDI作为资本具有双重属性,其一是增加了引入地区的资本存量,促进引入地区的经济增长;其二是FDI的资本质量通常高于引入地区的资本质量,FDI的高质量体现在机器设备的先进性、组织管理的科学性、工艺流程的严谨性、国际市场敏锐性等方面。外资企业在与本地区企业通过市场交易、技术合作等环节产生外溢,进一步推动引入地区带的经济增长。笔者根据FDI外溢效应大小与人力资本密切相关的事实,采用FDI与人力资本交互项间接度量FDI外溢效应对地区收入差距贡献。研究表明:FDI非均衡分布显著影响着地区收入差距,总体来讲FDI非均衡分布对中国地区收入差距的贡献在18.79%~26%之间,且基本呈不断上升趋势。
FDI as a dual attribute of capital, one is to increase the introduction of regional capital stock to promote the introduction of regional economic growth; the second is the quality of the capital of FDI is usually higher than the introduction of the region’s capital, the high quality of FDI is reflected in the machinery and equipment Advanced nature, the scientific management of the organization, the rigor of the technological process and the sensitivity of the international market. Foreign-funded enterprises spill over from enterprises in the region through market transactions and technical cooperation, further promoting the economic growth brought about by the region. According to the fact that the effect of FDI spillover effect is closely related to human capital, the author indirectly measures the contribution of FDI spillover effect to regional income disparity by using the interaction terms between FDI and human capital. The results show that the unbalanced distribution of FDI significantly affects the regional income disparity. Generally speaking, the unbalanced FDI contribution to the income disparity in China is between 18.79% and 26%, with an upward trend.