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当代杰出的儿童心理学家皮亚杰,在研究儿童道德发展中,曾以假设的道德情境编成故事,其中,“一件完全是无意的或者甚至是好意的,但却造成较大的财物损坏行为;另一件是有意的,但在财物损坏上却是微不足道的行为。”皮亚杰给儿童讲这些对偶故事,要求儿童比较故事中主人公的行为,作出好与坏的判断。他发现年幼儿童往往根据行为的客观后果作出判断,而年长儿童却往往根据行为的主观动机作出判断。上海师范学院德育心理研究小组,在副教授李伯黍的指导下,在“儿童道德判断发展调查”这一研究项目中,根据皮亚杰及后继研究者所用的一些对偶故事,在五至十一岁儿童中作了实验研究,写出了专题报告,为我国儿童的道德判断发展和儿童思想品德教育,提供了依据和资料。这项研究对父母也是有用的。家长同志们,你想了解孩子的道德判断能力吗?你想促进孩子辨别是非能力的发展吗?不妨也用对偶故事作点实验。本刊选登这项研究中的两组对偶故事,供家长参考。
Piaget, a prominent contemporary psychologist of children, studied the moral development of children and wrote stories based on hypothetical moral situations. Among them, “one is completely unintentional or even a kindhearted one, but it causes a larger Property damage behavior; the other is intentional, but in the property damage is trivial. ”Piaget told these children dual story, require children to compare the story of the protagonist’s behavior, make good and bad judgments. He found that young children tend to make judgments based on the objective consequences of their behavior, while older children tend to make judgments based on their subjective motives. Under the guidance of Associate Professor Li Bo-mei, Shanghai Normal University Moral Education Psychological Research Group, based on the research project of “Investigation on the Development of Children’s Moral Judgment”, based on some dual stories used by Piaget and later researchers, Year-old children made experimental research, wrote a special report for our children’s moral judgments and development of children’s ideological and moral education, provided the basis and information. This research is also useful for parents. Parents, do you want to know your child’s moral judgment? Do you want to promote your child’s ability to recognize non-compelling developments? Articles published in this study two sets of dual story for parents reference.