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一、摩擦作用的原理当金属被压缩时,由于变形金属与工具接触面存在摩擦力,使接触面附近的金属处于三向压应力状态,形成难变形区。难变形区的高度以及σ_3(最大压应力)在难变形区内的分布,在有些著作中曾有过论述,但至今尚没有确切的解答。这里我们采用金属的压缩试验,根据变形力的变化来测定难变形区的高度和σ_3的分布情况,这种试验方法不但手续简便而且有利于实际应用。
First, the principle of friction When the metal is compressed, due to the deformation of the metal and the tool contact surface friction, the contact surface near the metal in a three-dimensional compressive stress state, the formation of difficult deformation zone. The height of the hard-to-deform zone and the distribution of σ_3 (maximum compressive stress) in the difficult-to-deformable zone have been discussed in some works, but so far no exact answer has been given. Here we use the metal compression test, according to changes in deformation to determine the height of the deformation zone and σ_3 distribution, this test method is not only simple and convenient and practical application.