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基于分离理论的共性 ,通过薄层层析优化难分离物质对的最佳分离条件并直接放大到植物天然产物的工业制备分离。本文对实际应用中的溶剂组成、溶剂强度、溶剂用量及溶剂再利用等问题作了详细论述。最佳溶剂选择性可通过不同溶剂系统在薄层板上所给难分离物质对的最大Rf 比值确定 ;在正相硅胶层析中 ,主要极性溶剂决定了物质的洗脱顺序 ;洗脱剂中极少量强极性溶剂 (0 .5 % )或pH值的改变可显著改善拖尾现象 ;根据Rf 值和容量因子 (K)及洗脱体积三者之间的关系 ,Rf 在 0 .1～ 0 .3为用于柱层析的洗脱溶剂强度的最佳范围。
Based on the commonalities of separation theory, the optimal separation conditions for pairs of difficult-to-separate materials are optimized by thin-layer chromatography and directly scaled up for industrial preparative separation of plant natural products. In this paper, the practical application of solvent composition, solvent strength, solvent usage and solvent reuse and other issues were discussed in detail. The optimum solvent selectivity can be determined by the maximum Rf ratio of pairs of difficult-to-separate substances given by different solvent systems on the TLC plate; in the normal phase silica gel chromatography, the predominantly polar solvent determines the elution order of the substances; the eluent In a very small amount of strong polar solvent (0.5%) or pH changes can significantly improve the tailing phenomenon; according to Rf value and capacity factor (K) and elution volume of the relationship between the three, Rf in 0.1 -0.3 is the optimum range of eluting solvent strength for column chromatography.