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人们对于地震工程,虽然已进行了将近一个世纪的研究,取得了很多可贵的成果,但仍然被认为是很年轻的学科,原因是理论与实践还存在无法自圆其说的定性矛盾。本文将通过水塔之类的倒摆式结构、烟囱等高柔结构及砖房与多层框架等矮胖结构的实际震害和初步分析来证明水平地震力起决定性作用的传统观点是错误的,一向被认为微不足道的竖向地震力才真正起主要作用。文中列举了很多地面上及结构上显然发生跳起的现象来说明实际的竖向加速度及竖向地震力比传统观点要大好些倍。最后还分析了错误的传统观点之所以易于为人们接受并能长期存在的原因,希望同志们重新根据实际震害的破坏机理来判断到底是水平还是竖向地震力起主要作用。
Although people have carried out nearly a century of research on earthquake engineering and obtained many valuable achievements, they are still regarded as very young disciplines because the theory and practice still contain some qualitative contradictions that can not be justified. In this paper, it is wrong to prove that the horizontal seismic force plays a decisive role through the actual collapse and preliminary analysis of the inverted pendulum structure such as a water tower, the high and soft structure of the chimney and the short and fat structures such as brick houses and multi-story frames, The vertical seismic force, which has always been considered insignificant, really plays a major role. The article lists a number of obvious jumps on the ground and the structure to illustrate the actual vertical acceleration and vertical seismic force than the traditional view is much better times. Finally, it also analyzes the reason why the traditional mistaken ideas are easy to be accepted by people and can exist for a long time. I hope that the comrades can judge whether the horizontal and vertical earthquake forces play a major role based on the damage mechanism of the actual earthquake damage.