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肩关节由肱骨、肩胛骨、锁骨及其附属结构组成,其中包括盂肱关节、肩锁和胸锁关节三个解剖学关节和肩胸、肩峰下两个关节样结构以及喙锁间的韧带样链接。盂肱关节是人体活动范围最大的关节;肱骨头和肩胛盂的关节面之比约为3:1,需要关节盂唇、韧带和肩袖以及周围肌肉提供静态和动态的稳定性。肩袖由冈上肌(肱骨外展)、肩胛下肌(肱骨内旋)、冈下
Shoulder joint consists of humerus, scapula, clavicle and its subsidiary structures, including the glenohumeral joint, acromioclavicular and thoracic three anatomical joints and shoulder and chest, under the acromion of the two articular structures and coracoclavicular ligament like link. The glenohumeral joint is the joint with the widest range of human activities; the ratio of the articulating surface of the humeral head to the glenoid is about 3: 1, which provides static and dynamic stability of the labrum, ligaments and rotator cuffs, and the surrounding muscles. Rotator cuff by the supraspinatus (humeral abduction), subscapularis (humeral internal rotation), Gang under