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我国自六十年代初第一例肾移植开始应用于临床以来,逐步发展至今已有肝移植、心脏移植、胰移植、肾上腺移植、脾移植、自体睾丸移植等。有功能存活率也越来越高。根据我国器官移植登记处的资料,肾移植最长存活者达十年。影响移植器官长期存活因素很多,如供体者组织相容性,抗原的配合程度,手术方法、过程及配合,术后排斥反应及并发症等。其中控制和治疗排斥反应尤为重要,因此合理的应用免疫抑制剂是关键。
Since the first case of kidney transplantation began to be applied in clinical practice in China in the early 1960s, liver transplantation, heart transplantation, pancreas transplantation, adrenal transplantation, spleen transplantation, and autogenous testis transplantation have been gradually developed. The functional survival rate is also getting higher and higher. According to the National Registry of Organ Transplantation, the longest survivors of kidney transplants are ten years old. There are many factors that affect the long-term survival of transplanted organs, such as the donor’s histocompatibility, the degree of antigen coordination, surgical methods, procedures and cooperation, postoperative rejection and complications. Among them, the control and treatment of rejection are particularly important, so the rational use of immunosuppressive agents is the key.