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分析水稻与高粱杂交后代酯酶同工酶,其酶谱基础与母本粳稻相同,但子代中的种胚、花药等器官出现一条与高粱位置相同而母本水稻没有的第Ⅱ酶带。同时,系统分析了 F_2～F_3及高世代,揭示了这条酶带的遗传现象:杂种各世代多数株系和单株具有这条酶带,并出现分离,绝大多数发生在 F_2～F_3,F_4以后减轻,至高代不再分离;在 F_2～F_5连续世代中,第Ⅱ酶带的出现有七类不同情况。实验结果表明:杂种获得了高粱的遗传物质,导致分子水平的表型变异;异源DNA 在子代中有被排斥、分离、最后稳定的过程;从缺失第Ⅱ酶带的植株后代中又有这条酶带出现,亦可看出表型变异不在于结构基因,而是基因表达调控的结果。
The analysis of esterase isoenzyme in hybrid progenies of rice and sorghum showed the same zymogram as the maternal japonica rice. However, an embryo, anther and other organs in the offspring appeared an isozyme with the same position as sorghum but no maternal rice. At the same time, the genetic analysis of F_2 ~ F_3 and the high generation revealed the genetic phenomenon of this enzyme band: Most strains and individuals of the hybrids had this enzyme band in each generation and separated, most of them occurred in F_2 ~ F_3, F_4 after the reduction, no longer isolated to the highest generation; in F_2 ~ F_5 successive generations, there are seven different bands with seven different situations. The results showed that hybrids obtained the genetic material of sorghum, resulting in phenotypic variation at the molecular level. Heterologous DNA was rejected, separated and finally stabilized in offspring. From the offspring of plants lacking the second enzyme band, This enzyme band appears, we can see that the phenotypic variation is not the structural gene, but the result of gene expression regulation.