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1998年1月14日山西省朔州县某个体户私自制造出售大量散装假白酒,陆续使附近千余饮用者中毒,死亡27人。该假酒中甲醇含量超国标902倍。假酒不是酒。为了牟取暴利,造假者不是用蒸馏酒或食用酒精兑制酒,而是用工业用酒精(C_2H_5OH)。二者的主要差别是酒精中残留杂质甲醇的含量限制标准(蒸馏酒低于0.4克/升)不同,每立升食用酒精中甲醇含量必须低于0.6克,而工业酒精中含量在0.8—2克(或更高)。当然二者的价格差十分悬殊。用工业酒精兑制的假酒可获暴利,一般不易引起急性甲醇中毒(甲醇含量极度超标除外),因甲醇含量不是很高,甲醇在体内代谢比乙醇慢得多,而易造成慢性中毒和蓄积性中毒。长期饮用此酒,也会损伤视力和肝脏等。更严重的是兑制假酒时,用工业甲醇代替工业乙醇。甲醇(CH_3OH)因是用木材干馏制取的,故俗称木醇或木精,无色、透明,带有酒精味,没有专业知识的人极易将二者混淆。甲醇与乙醇虽只有一字之差,但毒性极大,二者是完全不同的两类物质。甲醇是剧毒物,在工业上做有机溶刺、化工原料等。它能麻醉人的中枢神经,损害视觉神经。如果一次饮用甲醇4—10毫
January 14, 1998 Somebody in Shuozhou County, Shanxi Province, made and sold a large quantity of bulk liquor in batches, causing the poisoning of more than a thousand drinkers in succession, killing 27 people. The fake alcohol in methanol over 902 times the national standard. Fake wine is not wine. In order to reap huge profits, counterfeiters do not use distilled or edible alcohol to produce wine, but instead use industrial alcohol (C 2 H 5 OH). The main difference between the two is the alcohol content of residual impurities in methanol limit (distilled spirits less than 0.4 g / L) different, each liters of alcohol in the alcohol content must be less than 0.6 grams, while the content of industrial alcohol in the 0.8-2 Grams (or higher). Of course, the price difference between the two is very poor. With alcohol produced by industrial alcohol can be profiteering, generally not easy to cause acute methanol intoxication (except for the extremely excessive methanol content), because the methanol content is not very high, the metabolism of methanol in the body much slower than ethanol, and can easily lead to chronic poisoning and accumulation Sexual poisoning. Long-term consumption of this wine, will also damage eyesight and liver. More serious is the counterfeit wine, industrial methanol instead of industrial ethanol. Methanol (CH_3OH) because it is made using wood distillation, it is commonly known as alcohol or wood alcohol, colorless, transparent, with alcohol flavor, without professional knowledge of people can easily be confusing between the two. Although there is only one word difference between methanol and ethanol, but extremely toxic, the two are completely different from the two types of material. Methanol is a highly toxic substance, making organic soluti on in the industry, chemical raw materials and so on. It can anesthetize the central nervous system, damage the optic nerve. If you drink methanol 4-10 milliliters