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鼻咽癌（NPC）是我国南方及东南亚地区最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率和死亡率均居头颈恶性肿瘤之首。放射治疗（简称放疗）是NPC的首选治疗方式，但放疗抵抗严重地影响NPC的放疗效果，所以开展NPC放疗抵抗的分子机制研究，以降低NPC放疗抵抗性、增强其放疗敏感性成为目前医学工作者研究的重点。近年来，学者们从基因组学、蛋白质组学和micro RNA组学等方面对NPC放疗抵抗产生的原因及分子机制进行大量研究，该文就其研究进展予以综述。“,”Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in South China and Southeast Asia. Its morbidity and mortality are the highest among the head and neck cancers. The preferred treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is radiotherapy; however, radioresistance leading to local recurrence has become a major obstacle to successful treatment. To reduce the radioresistance of patients with nasopha-ryngeal carcinoma and enhance the radiosensitivity, molecular mechanism of nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiore-sistance becomes the focus of medical researches at present. In recent years, scholars have carried out a lot of researches on the causes and mechanisms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma radioresistance in the aspects of genomics, proteomics and microRNA. This paper reviews the progress of the molecular mechanism of nasopha-ryngeal carcinoma radioresistance.