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目的 观察妊娠期及哺乳期镉接触对大鼠性别分化、生长发育和青春期启动的影响 ,以及其可能的内分泌干扰机制。方法 SD雌性大鼠从妊娠第 1天开始至仔鼠断奶 ,自由饮用含 0、5、2 0和 40mg L氯化镉的水。结果 各剂量组仔鼠的生长发育、青春期启动均受到明显影响 :出生后 (PND) 2 1d体重明显低于对照组 ;阴道开放、包皮分离比对照组延迟 2～ 3d。但是 ,各剂量组对妊娠时间、着床数、每胎活产数、性别比例、肛殖距离没有明显的影响。结论 在该实验条件下 ,并未显示镉具有雌激素样活性。镉可能通过多种机制 ,如甾类生成、甲状腺、垂体性腺轴等 ,干扰内分泌系统 ,从而影响大鼠的生长发育、青春期启动。
Objective To observe the effects of cadmium exposure during pregnancy and lactation on the gender differentiation, growth and development of puberty and the possible mechanism of endocrine disruption in rats. Methods SD female rats were weaned from the 1st day of gestation until their pups were given free drinking water containing 0, 5, 20 and 40 mg L cadmium chloride. Results The growth and development of adolescent pups in each dose group were significantly affected. The weight of pups at postnatal day (PND) 21 was significantly lower than that of the control group. The vagina was opened and the prepuce separation was delayed by 2 ~ 3d than that of the control group. However, each dose group had no significant effect on gestational time, number of implants, number of live births per litter, sex ratio, anal colony distance. Conclusions Under this experimental condition, cadmium has not been shown to have estrogen-like activity. Cadmium may be through a variety of mechanisms, such as the formation of steroids, thyroid, pituitary gland axis, interfere with the endocrine system, thus affecting the growth and development of rats, puberty start.