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目的了解目前使用含流行性腮腺炎(流腮)疫苗的免疫效果,探讨合适的免疫程序。方法从新生儿母传腮腺炎血清IgG抗体变化、免疫成功率、暴发点疫苗保护率、报告发病率方面,阐析疫苗使用效果及影响因素。结果新生儿平均母传抗体阳性率76.7%,抗体浓度264.83IU/mL,且1个月内无明显衰减。8~12月龄初免成功率17.0%,18~24月龄初免和再免成功率分别为74.1%和85.1%,大月龄免疫成功率较高,但再免成功率未明显高于初免。暴发点现场调查单剂次免疫保护率为1.8%,无法形成有效的免疫屏障。报告发病率,2008年实施常规免疫接种后虽恰逢新的流行高峰,但发病高峰年龄后移、同一年龄组免疫人群发病率下降、出生队列发病率下降,均提示疫苗免疫已对疾病流行有所影响。结论不提倡12月龄前接种疫苗,呼吁引入二剂次免疫接种程序,以提高人群免疫力。
Objective To understand the current immunization efficacy of mumps-containing vaccines and explore appropriate immunization procedures. Methods From the aspects of the change of serum IgG antibody, the successful rate of immunization, the protection rate of the outbreak vaccine and the reported incidence of newborn mumps, the effect and influencing factors of vaccine use were analyzed. Results The average positive rate of neonatal mother-antibody was 76.7%, the antibody concentration was 264.83 IU / mL, and there was no obvious decay within 1 month. The success rate of primary immunization at the age of 8-12 months was 17.0%, the success rates of initial immunization and re-immunization at 18-24 months were 74.1% and 85.1%, respectively. The success rate of immunization in large month was higher but the success rate of re-immunization was not significantly higher Initial exemption. Site investigation of outbreaks Single-dose immunization protection rate of 1.8%, can not form an effective immune barrier. Report the incidence of 2008, although the implementation of routine immunization after the coincidence of the new peak of the epidemic, but the onset of peak age of backwardness, the same age group immunization population decreased incidence of birth cohort incidence decreased, suggesting that vaccine immunization has epidemics Affected. Conclusions The vaccination prior to 12 months of age was not advocated, and a two-dose immunization program was introduced to enhance the population’s immunity.