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目的了解社区人群超重、肥胖现状及影响因素,为制定疾病防控策略提供依据。方法对北京市石景山区居民进行了成人超重、肥胖及危险因素调查,测量身高、体重、腰围,分析超重、肥胖与影响因素的关系。结果调查对象超重和肥胖率分别为41.3%和19.8%,男性为44.2%和19.4%,女性为39.5%和20.1%。男性超重率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。随着年龄的增长超重率表现为先升后降,男性50~岁组(51.5%)和女性60~岁组(44.4%)超重率最高;肥胖率男性30~岁组最高(23.3%),各年龄段表现无明显规律;女性50岁年龄组肥胖率最高(22.1%);中心型肥胖患病率47.2%,男性57.6%,女性40.9%,男性明显高于女性(P<0.01)。logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄和职业与超重、肥胖有关。结论成年居民超重、肥胖发生率高,可直接导致慢性病患病率上升。科学指导膳食和行为习惯,加强运动是保持理想体重,防止出现超重、肥胖的有效干预措施。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of overweight and obesity in community population and provide the basis for the development of disease prevention and control strategies. Methods Residents in Shijingshan District of Beijing were surveyed for overweight, obesity and risk factors, and height, weight and waist circumference were measured to analyze the relationship between overweight, obesity and influencing factors. Results The overweight and obesity rates of respondents were 41.3% and 19.8%, respectively, 44.2% and 19.4% for males and 39.5% and 20.1% for females. The rate of overweight in males was higher than that in females, with significant difference (P <0.01). Overweight rates increased first and then decreased with age. The prevalence of overweight was the highest among men aged 50 to 51.5% and women aged 60 to 44.4%. The obesity rate was the highest among men aged 30 to 23.3 years, The prevalence of obesity in the 50-year-old group was the highest (22.1%). The prevalence of central obesity was 47.2%, 57.6% in males and 40.9% in females, significantly higher in males than in females (P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age and occupation were related to overweight and obesity. Conclusions Adult residents are overweight and have a high incidence of obesity, which can directly lead to an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases. Scientific guidance diet and behavior habits, strengthening exercise is to maintain the ideal weight to prevent overweight, obesity and effective interventions.