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隧道在开挖的过程中,常遇到突水涌泥等地质灾害,若防治不当,易造成施工机械破坏与人员伤亡。为了探究隧道富水破碎带地下水的运移规律及突水机理,依托武深高速公路小方山隧道,采用可考虑渗流-损伤耦合机制的RFPA软件包,建立非线性渗流突水模型。基于两种不同岩体渗透率工况,分析了渗流作用下隧道断层破碎带突水通道形成的演化过程,揭示了边界条件为定流量时,随着断层破碎带渗透性的提高,其卸压作用逐渐增强,但对地下水流速影响不大的灾变演化规律,最后基于突水灾变演化规律提出了小净距隧道断层破碎带防治突涌水的技术,其结论可为今后的工程提供参考与借鉴。
In the process of excavation, the tunnel often encounters geological disasters such as water bursting and mud buildup. If improper prevention and control are made, the construction machinery and casualties will easily result. In order to explore the rule of groundwater migration and water inrush in the tunnel with water rich fractured zone, a nonlinear seepage water inrush model was established by using the RFPA software package which can consider seepage-damage coupling mechanism by means of the Xiaofushan tunnel of Wu-Shen Expressway. Based on the two different conditions of rock mass permeability, the evolution process of water inrush channel in the fault fracture zone of the tunnel under seepage is analyzed. When the boundary condition is constant flow rate, with the increase of the permeability of fault fracture zone, The gradual increase of the velocity of the groundwater, but little effect on the groundwater flow rate. Finally, based on the evolution of the catastrophic floods, the technology of preventing the water inrush from the fault rupture zone with small spacing is proposed. The conclusion can provide references for future projects.