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目的对廊坊市2013年-2015年度流感病原学监测结果进行分析,了解廊坊市流感病原学特征,为流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法 2013年4月-2015年3月,由廊坊市3所国家级流感监测哨点医院采集流感样病例咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光定量PCR法(real-time PCR)进行流感病毒核酸分型检测,并从时间、性别和年龄等方面进行分析。结果 2013年-2015年度共检测流感样病例咽拭子标本2 553份,阳性374份,阳性率为14.65%,其中季节性H3、新甲型H1和B型流感病毒分别占总阳性数的64.44%、18.98%和16.58%。2013年-2014年以新甲型H1为主,占总阳性数的52.99%;2014年-2015年季节性H3占总阳性数的87.92%,为本监测年度的优势病毒。流感病毒核酸阳性病例主要分布在冬季;5岁~年龄组阳性检出率最高,为24.14%;不同性别流感病毒核酸阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.938,P>0.05)。结论廊坊市检出的季节性H3、新甲型H1和B型流感病毒随时间其优势型别呈交替变化趋势;冬季是流感防控的重点季节;发病人群主要为5岁~年龄组,是流感防控的重点人群。
Objective To analyze the results of influenza etiological surveillance in Langfang City from 2013 to 2015 to understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Langfang and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods From April 2013 to March 2015, three throat swab samples were collected from three national influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Langfang City. Real-time PCR was used to detect influenza virus nucleic acid Testing, and from the time, gender and age analysis. Results A total of 2 553 throat swab samples were collected from 2013 to 2015. The positive rate was 14.65%, of which, seasonal H3, new type A and type B influenza viruses accounted for 64.44 %, 18.98% and 16.58% respectively. 2013 - 2014 accounted for 52.99% of the total new positives for new H1N1; 87.92% of the total positive numbers for seasonal H3 in 2014-2015 were the dominant viruses in this monitoring year. The positive cases of influenza virus nucleic acid were mainly distributed in winter. The highest positive rate was 24.14% in 5 years old to age group. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of nucleic acid among different sex influenza viruses (χ2 = 2.938, P> 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of seasonal H3, new H1N1 and type B influenza viruses in Langfang City showed an alternating trend with the dominant type over time. Winter was the key season for influenza prevention and control. The incidence was mainly in the age group of 5 years to age Influenza prevention and control of key people.