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目的:研究从山西省采集的 Vespa bicolor Fabricius 毒液的化学组分。方法:用凝胶色谱和 HPLC 从 Vespa bicolor Fabricius 的毒液里分离多肽,并得到 1 个毒素肽。通过质谱和 Edman 降解法分析它的化学结构特征。从毒液腺体 cDNA 文库中克隆出编码它的前体的 cDNA。用合成肽做活性检测。结果:纯化检测出了 1 个具有独特的初级结构的新的毒素肽 (vespin-BF)。它的氨基酸序列测定为 TYQRKMAITAGAVKHRLMS TTIIIILVRIE YLRDNMVISLESSF。Vespin-BF 能够诱导离体回肠平滑肌收缩。它的前体由 67 个氨基酸残基组成,含有预测到的信号肽和成熟肽部分。在信号肽和成熟肽之间有个-KR-位点。BLAST 搜索到 vespin-BF 和从 Vespa magnifica 毒液中鉴定的 vespin 有明显的相似性。结论: 从黄蜂毒液中纯化出了 1 个新的毒素肽。
Objective: To study the chemical composition of Vespa bicolor Fabricius venom collected from Shanxi Province. METHODS: Polypeptides were isolated from Vespa bicolor Fabricius venom by gel chromatography and HPLC and one toxin peptide was obtained. Its chemical structure characteristics were analyzed by mass spectrometry and Edman degradation. The cDNA encoding its precursor was cloned from the venom gland cDNA library. Synthetic peptides were used for activity testing. Results: A novel toxin peptide (vespin-BF) with a unique primary structure was detected by the purification. Its amino acid sequence was determined as TYQRKMAITAGAVKHRLMS TTIIIILVRIE YLRDNMVISLESSF. Vespin-BF can induce contraction of isolated ileal smooth muscle. Its precursor consists of 67 amino acid residues and contains the predicted signal peptide and mature peptide portion. There is a -KR-site between the signal peptide and the mature peptide. The BLAST search revealed a clear similarity between vespin-BF and the vespin identified from Vespa magnifica venom. Conclusion: A new toxin peptide was purified from the wasp venom.