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我国林业正在经历由木材生产为主向以生态建设为主的历史性转变,随着造林步伐连年加快,生态公益林的管护工作也日显重要。从目前的研究和实践来看,我国生态公益林管护工作大部分还是由政府制定管护方案,这样的管护方案缺乏主体的主动参与,是缺乏动力的管护。参与式发展理论认为,发展动力源自发展主体本身,外界帮助只是一种激励手段,应该赋予当地人在发展活动中的决策权和选择权,通过重视和应用当地人长期积累的乡土知识来促进发展,外来者应协助当地人从社会、文化、政治、经济和法制等角度,共同构建一套保障当地人尤其是弱势群体参与发展活动和从中直接或间接受益的正式或非正式机制等。
China’s forestry is undergoing a historic shift from mainly timber production to ecological construction, and as the pace of afforestation accelerates every year, the management and protection of ecological public welfare forests have become increasingly important. From the current research and practice point of view, most of the management and protection of ecological public welfare forests in our country is still the government to develop management and protection programs, such management and protection programs lack the active participation of the main body is the lack of motivation. According to the theory of participatory development, the driving force for development originated from the main body of development. External help is only an incentive measure. Local people should be given the decision-making power and the right of choice in their development activities and should be promoted by attaching importance to and applying local knowledge accumulated by the local people for a long time Development and outsiders should assist local people in the social, cultural, political, economic and legal aspects of jointly establishing a formal or informal mechanism to ensure that local people, especially disadvantaged groups, participate in development activities and directly or indirectly benefit from them.