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阿苯达唑是目前应用广泛的高效抗寄生虫兽药,其残留对蚯蚓等土壤动物的繁殖毒性鲜见报道.本研究选择了阿苯达唑的5个染毒剂量(1、3、6、9和12 mg·kg-1),检测染毒56 d阿苯达唑对蚯蚓产茧、孵化及其幼蚓产生的影响,以及染毒14 d蚯蚓精子畸形率和精子细胞超微结构的变化.结果表明,染毒28 d时,卵茧数量比其他繁殖参数(卵茧重和孵化率)对低剂量阿苯达唑敏感,随着染毒剂量(3~12 mg·kg-1)增加,卵茧数量显著降低(p<0.01),呈现明显的剂量-效应关系;染毒56 d时,幼蚓重量比其他繁殖参数(幼蚓数量和孵化率)敏感,产生有毒作用的最低染毒剂量为3 mg·kg-1(p<0.01).短期染毒14 d时,精子细胞的超微结构在染毒剂量为3~12 mg·kg-1时发生明显变化,尤其是线粒体,而精子畸形率发生明显变化的最低剂量为6 mg·kg-1,可见,短期染毒时精子细胞的超微结构比光镜下的精子畸形率敏感.该研究结果可为阿苯达唑残留的土壤生态毒理及早期监测提供依据.
Albendazole is a widely used and highly effective anti-parasitic veterinary drug, its residual toxicity to earthworms and other soil animals reproductive rarely reported.In this study, five doses of albendazole (1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 mg · kg-1). The effects of albendazole on cocoon formation, hatching and juvenile earthworm production were observed after 56 days of exposure, and the changes of sperm deformity and ultrastructure of sperm cells on day 14 The results showed that the number of egg cocoon was sensitive to low doses of albendazole at 28 days after exposure to other reproductive parameters (egg weight and hatchability), with the dose of 3 ~ 12 mg · kg-1 (P <0.01), showing a significant dose-effect relationship. At 56 days of exposure, the juvenile vermicompost weight was more sensitive than other reproductive parameters (number of young adults and hatching rate) and had the lowest toxic effect At the dose of 3 mg · kg-1 (p <0.01), the ultrastructure of sperm cells changed significantly at the dose of 3 ~ 12 mg · kg-1, especially mitochondria The lowest dose of sperm deformity significantly changed was 6 mg · kg-1, which shows that the ultrastructure of sperm cells is more sensitive than sperm deformity under light microscope in the short-term exposure. Fruit can provide the basis for the soil ecotoxicology and early monitoring of Albendazole residue.