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金屬在炉中加热时间受限于兩个因素:內部热交換和外部热交换。大家知道,銅的导热性能极为良好,而且一般說来铜材的尺寸不大。这样銅材的Bo规范数极小,实际上可認为內部热交换对銅材加热时间无影响。按照苏联塔依茨教授的塑性理論,銅材加热仅需几分钟。因此加热时间仅受限于炉膛的外部热交换。目前铜材軋制前的加热,大多是在采用低压燒咀或喷咀的連續式炉子或半连續式爐子中进行。在我国工厂中加热时間約需1小时,在苏联先进工厂中,有的只要半小时,加热时間之所以長,原因是外部热交換不强。由于不容許火焰直接触及被加热的銅材,在上述炉子中强化外部热交换是困难的。
Metal heating time in the furnace is limited by two factors: internal heat exchange and external heat exchange. We all know that the thermal conductivity of copper is extremely good, and in general the size of copper is not large. Such copper Bo standard number is very small, in fact, that the internal heat exchange has no effect on the heating time of copper. According to the plastic theory of Professor Thauut in the Soviet Union, copper heating takes only a few minutes. The heating time is therefore limited only by the external heat exchange in the furnace. At present, the heating of copper before rolling, mostly in the use of low-pressure burner or nozzle continuous furnace or semi-continuous furnace. Heating time in our factory takes about 1 hour, some advanced plants in the Soviet Union, and some as long as half an hour, the reason why the heating time is long because the external heat exchange is not strong. It is difficult to enhance the external heat exchange in the above-mentioned furnace since the flame is not allowed to directly reach the heated copper material.