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慢性肾脏病（ CKD）及终末期肾脏疾病患者有较高的心血管疾病发病率，主要原因是血管钙化。与骨形成有很多相似之处，血管钙化是一个主动的可调节进程。最近关于血管钙化的研究发现，微RNA（ miRNA）与启动和促进 CKD患者血管钙化的机制有关。 miRNA 在调节细胞表型、钙磷平衡及基质小囊泡中起重要作用，并影响CKD患者的血管钙化。这种 miRNA 在血管钙化方面的重要作用对未来CKD和终末期肾脏疾病患者血管钙化进行生物标记及治疗方法的探索有重要意义。“,”Patients with chronic kidney disease( CKD) and end stage renal disease have significant car-diovascular morbidity and mortality due to vascular calcification.Vascular calcification is an active,highly regulated process that has many similarities with bone formation .Recent discoveries revealed that microRNA ( miRNA) is involved in the initiation and progression of vascular calcification in CKD .miRNA regulates vas-cular calcification through controlling cell phenotype ,calcium and phosphorous homeostasis and matrix vesi-cles.The important role of miRNA in vascular calcification is of great significance for the development of bio-markers and therapeutic options for patients with CKD and end stage renal disease .