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肠道炎症反应的致病因素多样，但活化的免疫应答过程是相似的。泛素化修饰是细胞内广泛存在的蛋白质翻译后修饰机制，其在信号传导、转录调节、蛋白激酶活化过程中起着调节功能。免疫炎症信号通路相关蛋白的泛素化修饰决定了炎性介质和抗炎因子之间的平衡，从而影响肠道炎症的进展与转归。本文综述了蛋白泛素化修饰过程，有助于加深对肠道炎症病理生理过程的理解，并为精准治疗中相关靶向新药的研发提供理论参考。“,”There are diverse pathogenic factors for intestinal inflammation, but the process of activated immune response is similar. Ubiquitination, a widespread mechanism of protein post-translational modification in cells, plays a regulatory role in signal transduction, transcriptional regulation and protein kinase activation. Ubiquitination of proteins involving in immune inflammation signaling pathways determines the balance between inflammatory mediators and anti-inflammatory factors, thus affects the progression and outcome of intestinal inflammation. This article reviews the ubiquitination modification of protein, which will help to deeply understand the pathophysiological process of intestinal inflammation, and provide a theoretical reference for the research and development of targeted new drugs in precision therapy.