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前言在电真空器件中,热子是一个发热元件,通过辐射或传导,使阴极达到额定工作温度。在间热式阴极中,长期采用辐射传热的方式,从而阴极和热丝之间的温度差很大。在高温下工作的热丝由于绝缘层遭到破坏,导致寿命很快终结。尤其在钡钨阴极中,热丝工作温度更高,(1800K～1900K),寿命更短,只有200小时左右。为了延长热丝寿命,必须大幅度地降低热丝的工作温度。达到这个目的的方法很多,其中最有效的措施是改变传热方式,利用热传导来加热阴极,也就是本文所介绍的阴极—热子组合件。
Introduction In electric vacuum devices, the heat is a heating element, through the radiation or conduction, so that the cathode reaches the rated operating temperature. In intercooled cathodes, long-term radiation heat transfer is used, so that the temperature difference between the cathode and the hot wire is large. Hot wire working at high temperature due to the destruction of the insulation, leading to the end of life soon. Especially in the barium tungsten cathode, hot wire higher temperature, (1800K ~ 1900K), shorter life expectancy, only about 200 hours. In order to extend the hot wire life, you must significantly reduce the working temperature of the hot wire. There are many ways to achieve this goal. One of the most effective measures is to change the mode of heat transfer and use the heat conduction to heat the cathode, that is, the cathode-hot subassembly described in this paper.