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流脑特异性诊断的基础在于脑脊液培养。但脑脊液培养需时较久,且阳性率不高(约60%左右),早期病例及部分治疗病例的阳性率更低。脑脊液沉淀涂片查细菌有助于早期诊断,阳性率约60～70%,而在早期病例及部分治疗病例亦不易找到细菌。近有人改用吖啶橙染色,可提高部分治疗病例脑脊液涂片中的细菌检出率。由皮肤瘀点印片查细菌是一项早期快速简便的诊断方法,其阳性率约50～80%,尤适用于脑脊液尚未出现
The basis of specific diagnosis of meningitis is cerebrospinal fluid culture. However, the culture of cerebrospinal fluid takes a long time, and the positive rate is not high (about 60%), the positive rate of early cases and some cases of treatment is lower. CSF sedimentation smear bacteria help early diagnosis, the positive rate of about 60 to 70%, and in early cases and some cases of treatment is not easy to find bacteria. Some people switched to acridine orange staining, can improve the detection of bacteria in some of the treatment of cerebrospinal fluid smear. Bacterial smear from the skin petechiae is an early rapid and easy diagnostic method, the positive rate of about 50 to 80%, especially for cerebrospinal fluid has not yet appeared