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目的 根据发病及入院时资料预测初发急性脑卒中患者出院时的步行能力。方法 回顾性分析 5 2 4例初发急性脑卒中患者 ,42例住院期间死亡 ,482例生存者中 ,173例入院时可以行走 ,3 0 9例不能行走。根据 3 0 9例患者出院时能否步行 ,将其分为步行组 (n =164例 )和非步行组 (n =14 5 )。收集的资料包括病史、入院时体格检查、第一次生化和心电图检查。对收集的资料采用单因素方差分析和多元回归分析。结果 单因素分析发现 ,2组在年龄、中风类型、糖尿病病史、入院时的神志、肢体瘫痪、尿失禁、肺部感染、血糖及尿素氮水平之间的差异有非常显著性和显著性意义 (P =0 .0 0 0 5～ 0 .0 2 0 0 )。多元回归分析发现 ,年龄、脑卒中类型、糖尿病史、入院时尿失禁及明显的肢体瘫痪是预测出院时能否行走的可靠因子 (P =0 .0 0 0 5～0 .0 41)。结论 初发脑卒中患者发病及入院时的资料可以用来预测患者出院时的步行能力 ,研究结果也可以作为筛选早期康复对象的依据
OBJECTIVE: To predict the walking ability of first-episode acute stroke patients discharged from the hospital based on the incidence and admission data. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 524 patients with newly diagnosed acute stroke who died during hospitalization. Of the 482 survivors, 173 were able to walk on admission and 309 were unable to walk. According to whether 309 patients were able to walk at discharge, they were divided into walking group (n = 164) and non-walking group (n = 145). Data collected included medical history, physical examination on admission, first biochemical and electrocardiographic examinations. The data collected using single-factor analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis. Results Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in age, type of stroke, history of diabetes, consciousness at admission, limb paralysis, incontinence, lung infection, blood glucose and urea nitrogen levels ( P = 0. 0 0 5 ~ 0. 0 2 0 0). Multivariate regression analysis found that age, type of stroke, history of diabetes, urinary incontinence at admission, and apparent paralysis of the limbs were reliable predictors of ambulatory mobility at discharge (P = .050-0.041). Conclusions The data of onset and admission of stroke patients can be used to predict the patient’s ability to walk at the time of discharge, and the results can also be used as the basis for screening early rehabilitation subjects