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坡面型和沟谷型泥石流是2种不同的泥石流,不能用单一模型来计算它们的冲出距离。经分类研究,发现它们冲出距离的主影响因子有很大不同:对于沟谷型泥石流,主要是沟道内的松散物质储量;而对于坡面型泥石流,主要是坡面松散体的高度以及体积。2种泥石流的冲出角分布也存在很大差别:研究区沟谷型泥石流的冲出角在29.6°～82.9°之间,表现出“高量级、高冲出角”的特征;坡面型泥石流的冲出角在25°～47°之间,且大部分的冲出角在30°左右,表现出“低量级、低冲出角”的特征。在此分析的基础上,用回归分析方法建立了汶川地震灾区2种不同类型泥石流冲出距离的计算方法。最后,将经验计算方法用陈家坝文家坪坡面泥石流和红椿沟泥石流进行验证,与实际值较为吻合。
Slope and gully debris flows are two different types of debris flows that can not be calculated using a single model. According to the classification study, it is found that the main influencing factors of the outflow distance are quite different: for the gully debris flow, the main is the loose material reserves in the channel; and for the slope debris flow, the height and the volume of the slope loose are mainly. There are also great differences in the exit angle distribution of the two kinds of debris flows: the discharge angle of the valley-type debris flow in the study area ranges from 29.6 ° to 82.9 °, showing the characteristics of “high-level, high-rise angle” Surface debris flow out of the angle of 25 ° ~ 47 °, and most of the punch-out angle of about 30 °, showing “low-grade, low punch angle ” features. Based on this analysis, a regression calculation method was used to establish the calculation method of two different types of debris flow in Wenchuan earthquake stricken areas. Finally, the empirical calculation method is used to verify the debris flow of Wenjiaping slope debris flow and Hongchunxun gully debris flow in Chenjiaba, which is in good agreement with the actual value.