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人类从诞生之日起,就与海洋朝夕相处。但几千年来,却几乎以全部精力开发和利用仅占地球表面四分之一的陆地,对于海洋既感神秘而又无能为力。长期以来,人类利用海洋的活动大都限于利用沿岸近海之便,兴渔盐、交通之利。但是六十年代以来,世界上出现了一股海洋热。1960年,法国总统戴高乐在国会强调海洋开发的重要性,号召“向海洋进军”。1961年3月,美国总统肯尼迪在国会上宣称,“为
From the day of its birth, mankind has to deal with the ocean from morning till evening. However, for almost thousands of years, almost all of its energies have been exploited and utilized on the land, which occupies only one quarter of the surface of the Earth. Both are mysterious and powerless to the oceans. For a long time now, the activities of mankind to utilize the sea have mostly been limited to exploiting the coasts along the coast and benefiting fishermen and fishermen. However, since the 1960s, there has been an ocean heat in the world. In 1960, French President de Gaulle stressed the importance of ocean development in the parliament and called for “marching into the oceans.” In March 1961, U.S. President Kennedy declared at the National Assembly: "For