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本文介绍了满足用于像北海那样低温与(或)深水的各种不同要求的装置构件的加工新技术。讨论细节包括:装置的弦管和支腿用厚壁高强度低合金钢管(700-800兆帕级)的韧性改善、弦管加工时控制焊接变形的方法,以及焊后热处理对焊接接头韧性的影响。资料是从现场操作和由生产工艺制造的实际尺寸试样的试验室试验两方面得到的。为了评定焊接接头和管体的韧性,进行了夏比,V型缺口试验和裂纹顶端张开位移(CTOD)试验。为了满足用于低温海水的装置的最严格的韧性要求,制造了冷成形高强度低合金钢管。就对较深水域和较低水温条件下的装置和张力腿平台的机械性能的苛刻要求,讨论了钢管的调质热处理工艺。用这种工艺制造的管子整个管壁显示出极好的性能。特别值得注意是,它们的韧性相当于调质钢板。在齿条与弦管焊接时,为了减少焊接变形,提出了一项有效的技术。这项技术能够在焊后无须进行机械矫直即可把中心线正直度限制在1毫米/9000毫米之内。最后,本文从对韧性的影响角度讨论了焊后热处理对800兆帕级的齿条-弦管焊件的适用性。
This article describes new processing technologies for device components that meet the various requirements for low temperature and / or deep water like the North Sea. Details of the discussion included: improved chord and leg thicknesses of the device with improved toughness of thick-walled, high-strength, low-alloy steel tubes (700-800 MPa), methods of controlling welding deformation during chord processing, and postweld heat treatment of toughness influences. Data is obtained both from field tests and laboratory tests on actual-size specimens made in the production process. In order to assess the toughness of welded joints and pipe body, Charpy, V-notch test and crack tip open displacement (CTOD) tests were carried out. In order to meet the most stringent toughness requirements of equipment for low temperature seawater, cold formed high strength low alloy steel tubes were fabricated. On the harsh requirements of the mechanical properties of devices and tension leg platforms in deeper waters and at lower water temperatures, the heat treatment process of quenched and tempered steel pipes is discussed. The entire pipe wall made with this process shows excellent performance. Particularly noteworthy is that their toughness is equivalent to quenched and tempered steel. In the rack and chord pipe welding, in order to reduce the welding deformation, put forward an effective technique. This technology limits the centerline alignment to 1 mm / 9000 mm without the need for mechanical straightening after welding. Finally, the applicability of post-weld heat treatment to rack-and-string pipe welds up to 800 MPa was discussed in terms of its impact on toughness.