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作为我国公有制经济主体的国有大中型企业,长期以来,有相当大的部分缺乏竞争的压力,没有搏击的活力,经济效益不佳,生产效率低下。一个重要原因,就是尚未形成破产的机制,致使该死的企业死不了,该活的企业活不起来,该重新组合的生产要素流动不了。从而造成大量的资源闲置、浪费,影响了整体经济效益的提高。要走出这种困境,当务之急在于,尽快建立和完善符合社会主义市场经济要求的破产机制,真正做到适者生存,劣者淘汰,优者发展,以保证资源合理配置,促进经济健康发展。为此本刊特约请国家经贸委专事这项研究并参与了《破产法》修改工作的三位学者从不同角度发表自己的见解。他们的意见颇有见地,值得一读。
As a state-owned large and medium-sized enterprise that is the subject of China’s public ownership economy, for a long time, there is a considerable part of it that lacks the pressure of competition, lacks the vitality of fighting, has poor economic efficiency, and has low production efficiency. One important reason is that the mechanism for bankruptcy has not yet been formed, resulting in the death of a damned company. The living enterprise cannot live up to the fact that the recombined production factors cannot flow. As a result, a lot of resources are idle and wasted, which affects the overall economic efficiency. To get out of this predicament, it is imperative to establish and improve the bankruptcy mechanism that meets the requirements of the socialist market economy as soon as possible, and truly ensure the survival of the fittest, the elimination of the bad and the development of the best, so as to ensure the rational allocation of resources and promote the healthy development of the economy. To this end, the journal specially invited the three experts who specialize in the study of the State Economic and Trade Commission and participated in the revision of the Bankruptcy Law to publish their opinions from different perspectives. Their opinions are quite insightful and worth reading.