论文部分内容阅读
自18世纪以来,荷属东印度华人采取了不同的纪年方式,包括干支纪年、清朝年号纪年、孔子纪年、黄帝纪年、公元纪年、民国纪年、佛历纪年等。这些纪年方式的交叉使用,并不单纯是为了标注年代,而且涉及颇为复杂的政治、文化、宗教认同。在政治交替时期,纪年方式曲折反映了纪年使用者的政治认同。比如晚清民国时期孔子纪年的出现和流行,与民族主义在荷属东印度华人中间的影响和孔教的兴起有关;而辛亥革命后清朝年号纪年的迅速消失和民国纪年的流行,折射出此期华人对清朝政治认同的相对淡薄和对民国政权的迅速接受。在荷属东印度地区,还盛行多种纪年同时并存的纪年方式。这种复合纪年是华人跨国生存处境的体现,一方面与其社会经济生活息息相关,另一方面则是其多元的、混杂的文化认同的一种折射。从日益全球化的今天看来,这种纪年制度本身就是值得注意的一种时间制度的实验。
Since the 18th century, the Dutch East Indies Chinese adopted different ways of anniversaries, including the years of cadres, the years of the Qing dynasty, the years of Confucius, the years of the Yellow Emperor, the years of the Christian era, the years of the Republic of China, and the years of the Buddhist calendar. The interdisciplinary use of these anniversaries is not simply to mark the ages, but also involves rather complicated political, cultural and religious identities. In the period of political alternation, the twists and turns of the year-end method reflect the political approval of the year-end users. For example, the appearance and prevalence of the Confucian Chronicle in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republican Period were related to the influence of nationalism among the Chinese in the East Indies and the rise of Confucianism. The rapid disappearance of the Chronology of the Qing Dynasty after the Revolution of 1911 and the popularity of the Republic of China reflected the During this period, the Chinese were relatively weak in political identification with the Qing Dynasty and quickly accepted the regime of the Republic of China. In the Dutch East Indies, there are also many different chronologies that coincide with each other. This composite year is a manifestation of the multinational living conditions of China. On the one hand, it is closely related to its social and economic life. On the other hand, it is a refraction of its diverse and mixed cultural identities. From the increasingly globalized view, this kind of memorial system itself is worth noting a time system experiment.