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目的:分析石菖蒲水煎液及浓缩液主要药物成分。方法:模拟汤剂临床煎法煎煮石菖蒲2次并浓缩,借助气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-Ms)技术分析水煎液及浓缩液成分。结果:GC-Ms检出成分中,石菖蒲第1次、第2次水煎液及浓缩液中均含2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4H-吡喃-4-酮、5-羟甲基糠醛、β-细辛醚、α-细辛醚、细辛酮5种主要成分,其中第1次水煎液中2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4H-吡喃-4-酮、5-羟甲基糠醛、细辛酮、β-细辛醚、α-细辛醚等成分相对含量分别为(10.68±3.21)%、(32.83±5.38)%、(1.67±2.02)%、(46.39±11.31)%、(4.64±2.10)%,第1次水煎液分别为(9.98±3.30)%、(9.95±4.33)%、(1.56±2.11)%、(50.95±12.10)%、(4.85±2.07)%,浓缩液中为(11.46±3.38)%、(31.16±5.62)%、(5.06±2.06)%、(5.08±2.13)%、(2.27±1.44)%,可见β-细辛醚、α-细辛醚等挥发油相对含量较高,而浓缩液中挥发油相对含量明显降低,主要以水溶性成分为主。结论:石菖蒲的临床疗效由其多样性物质基础所决定,其中以挥发油成分与相对含量较高水溶性成分为主,临床新药研制过程中需重视浓缩液与水煎液之间成分含量差异,确保药物效果。
Objective: To analyze the main drug components of water-soluble decoction and concentrate. Methods: The clinical decoction decoction Shichangpu was decocted for 2 times and concentrated. The composition of decoction and concentrate was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: Among the components detected by GC-MS, the first and second aqueous decoctions and concentrates contained 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyrazole 4-one, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, β-asarone, α-asarone, and octanone. In the first decoction, 2,3-dihydro- The relative contents of 5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one, 5- hydroxymethylfurfural, octanone, β-asarone and α-asarone were 10.68 ± (9.98 ± 3.30)%, (9.95 ± 3.30)%, (32.83 ± 5.38)%, (1.67 ± 2.02)%, (46.39 ± 11.31)% and (11.46 ± 3.38)%, (31.16 ± 5.62)% and (5.06 ± 2.06)% in the concentrated solution, respectively, and 4.33%, 1.56 ± 2.11%, 50.95 ± 12.10% and 4.85 ± 2.07% (5.08 ± 2.13)% and (2.27 ± 1.44)%, respectively, showing that the relative content of volatile oils such as β-asarone and α-asarone was relatively high while the relative content of volatile oil in the concentrate was significantly decreased, mainly with water-soluble components . Conclusion: The clinical efficacy of Acorus calamus is determined by its diverse material basis, of which volatile oil components and relatively high water-soluble components are the main components. In the process of clinical drug discovery, the differences in composition between concentrate and decoction should be emphasized. To ensure the drug effect.