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科洛姆纳内燃机车工厂于60年代开始批量生产的ДН23/30系列的内燃机车用14Д40和11Д45А型柴油机不仅广泛地用在苏联,而且还用在其他社会主义国家。由于结构和制造工艺的改进,使这些发动机具有足够高的技术经济标指〔1〕。所进行的研究证明〔2〕,其燃油运用消耗量可以进一步降低。已制订了使机油消耗量降低的结构措施,并对这些措施作了全面检验。降低各种型号柴油机机油烧损量的有效方向是:从结构和工艺上调整气缸活塞组零件(气环,油环,活塞顶和活塞筒部),优化活塞环间隙值、单位压力和形状;研究防磨涂层和
The 14 ÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂ andÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂ [ Due to the improvement of the structure and the manufacturing process, these engines have a sufficiently high technical and economic index [1]. The study carried out (2) shows that the fuel consumption can be further reduced. Structural measures to reduce oil consumption have been developed and a comprehensive examination of these measures has been carried out. The effective direction of reducing the amount of oil loss of various types of diesel engine is to adjust the cylinder piston assembly (air ring, oil ring, piston top and piston cylinder) from the structure and process to optimize the piston ring gap value, unit pressure and shape; Study wear-resistant coatings and