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对机体必需的微量元素现在可举出10种,即:铁(Fe)、碘(I)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)、铬(Cr)钼(Mo)、钴(Co)、硒(Se)、锡(Sn),其它尚有8种可能也是必需的微量元素。这些元素分布广泛,一般没有这些元素的缺乏病。仅在家畜、动物试验或散发于部分地区的青少年中。可是最近普及静脉高营养(高热量输液),如果持续地用不加这些微量元素的高热量输液时,很明显可以发生种种缺乏症。关于锌缺乏症:1961年伊朗报告,由于缺乏锌而引起贫血、肝脾肿大、矮小症、性腺机能不全为主要症状的疾病。1963年,埃及也报告过有同样的疾病。1973年对一直不明原因的肠性肢端皮肤炎,明确了是由于缺乏锌为主要原因(锌吸收不良)。通过给锌而使症状得到了明显改善。1975年由于长期进行高热量输液发生同样的肢端部和口唇周围有脓痂疹、脱毛、腹泻,也是由于缺乏锌所致。所以有重新注意高热量输液时给与微量元素的重要性。
Ten kinds of trace elements which are necessary for the body are listed as follows: Fe, I, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cr, (Co), selenium (Se), tin (Sn), there are other eight kinds of trace elements may also be necessary. These elements are widely distributed, generally lacking in the lack of these elements. Only in domestic animals, animal experiments or in teens distributed in some areas. However, the recent widespread use of intravenous hypetrophy (high-calorie infusion) has clearly shown that various deficiencies can occur if the high-calorie infusion without these trace elements is continuously administered. About zinc deficiency: In 1961, Iran reported that anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, short stature, hypogonadism as the main symptoms caused by the lack of zinc. In 1963 Egypt also reported the same disease. 1973 has been an unexplained intestinal acral dermatitis, it is clear that the lack of zinc is the main reason (zinc malabsorption). By giving zinc and symptoms have been significantly improved. In 1975 due to long-term high-calorie infusion occurred in the same extremities and lips around the pus scabies, hair removal, diarrhea, but also due to the lack of zinc. So there is a renewed focus on the importance of giving trace elements to high-caliber fluids.