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目的 实验观察日本血吸虫吡喹酮抗性株在终宿主小鼠体内的生物学特性,探索日本血吸虫吡喹酮抗性株对终宿主的致病力及传播强度。方法 分别采用日本血吸虫江苏吡喹酮敏感株和抗性株、湖南吡喹酮敏感株和抗性株尾蚴定量感染小鼠,建立小鼠-钉螺-小鼠生活史循环,观察比较各虫株的虫卵开放前期、产卵量及虫卵分布、对终宿主的易感性、虫体生长发育等生物学特性。结果 日本血吸虫江苏吡喹酮敏感株和抗性株虫卵开放前期分别为36.1 d和36.8d(t=0.907,P=0.372),粪便中虫卵数分别为14.6只/100 mg和21.2只/100 mg(t=2.946,P=0.007),回收成虫数分别为20.5条/鼠和25.1条/鼠(t=2.128,P=0.042),组织中虫卵数分别为31 303只/对成虫和38 594只/对成虫(t=2.185,P=0.040)、肝脏虫卵数分别为14 810只/对成虫和19 715只/对成虫(t=2.934,P=0.007),肠组织中虫卵数分别为16 493只/对成虫和18 879只/对成虫(t=1.044,P=0.309);江苏敏感株和抗性株雌雄合抱虫体长度(t=0.328,P=0.744)、雌虫体长(t=0.386,P=0.701)及雄虫体长(t=0.332,P=0.741)差异均无统计学意义。日本血吸虫湖南吡喹酮敏感株和抗性株虫卵开放前期分别为35.5 d和35.6 d(t=0.169,P=0.867),粪便中虫卵数分别为13.3只/100 mg和18.9只/100 mg(t=3.622,P=0.001),回收成虫数分别为17.6条/鼠和25.1条/鼠(t=3.153,P=0.004),组织中虫卵数分别为30 932只/对成虫和53 903只/对成虫(t=3.865,P=0.001),肝脏虫卵数分别为12 307只/对成虫和26 363只/对成虫(t=4.388,P<0.01),肠组织中虫卵数分别为18 625个/对成虫和27 541个/对成虫(t=2.679,P=0.012);湖南敏感株和抗性株雌雄合抱虫体长度(t=0.853,P=0.397)、雌虫体长(t=0.573,P=0.569)及雄虫体长(t=0.742,P=0.461)差异均无统计学意义。结论 日本血吸虫吡喹酮抗性株产卵量和肝组织虫卵沉积量均明显高于敏感株,提示其对终宿主的致病性更强;抗性株感染鼠粪便中排出虫卵数明显多于敏感株,提示抗性株的传播能量高于敏感株。
Objective To observe the biological characteristics of praziquantel-resistant strains of Schistosoma japonicum in the final host mice and explore the virulence and spread of the praziquantel-resistant strains of Schistosoma japonicum to the final host. Methods The mice were infected with praziquantel-sensitive and resistant strains of Schistosoma japonicum, praziquantel-sensitive strains of Hunan and resistant cercariae respectively, and the mouse-snail-mouse life cycle was established. Pre-opening of eggs, egg production and distribution of eggs, the host susceptibility to the final, growth and development of parasites and other biological characteristics. Results The initial stages of praziquantel-sensitive and resistant strains of S. japonicum in Jiangsu were 36.1 days and 36.8 days (t = 0.907, P = 0.372), respectively. The numbers of eggs in feces were 14.6 / 100 mg and 21.2 / The numbers of eggs recovered were 2030 / mouse and 25.1 / mouse (t = 2.128, P = 0.042), respectively. The numbers of eggs in the tissues were 31 303 / The number of eggs in the liver was 14 810 / adult and 19 715 / adult (t = 2.934, P = 0.007) respectively, while the number of eggs in the intestine was 38 594 per adult (t = 2.185, (T = 0.328, P = 0.744), and the number of female and male insects in Jiangsu sensitive and resistant strains was 16 493 / adult and 18 879 adults / adult respectively (t = 1.044, P = 0.309) Body length (t = 0.386, P = 0.701) and male body length (t = 0.332, P = 0.741) showed no significant difference. The initial open days of schistosoma japonicum susceptible and resistant strains of praziquantel in Hunan were 35.5 days and 35.6 days (t = 0.169, P = 0.867). The numbers of eggs in feces were 13.3 / 100 mg and 18.9 / 100 The number of eggs recovered in the tissue was 30 932 per adult and 53 per adult, respectively (P = 0.001). The number of recovered adults was 17.6 per mouse and 25.1 per mouse (t = 3.153, P = 0.004) The number of eggs in liver was 12 307 / adult and 26 363 / adult (t = 4.388, P <0.01), and the number of eggs in intestinal tissue was 903 / adult (t = 3.865, (T = 0.853, P = 0.397), the number of male and female adults of the susceptible and resistant strains in Hunan were 18 625 adults and 27 541 adults per adult respectively (t = 2.679, P = 0.012) (T = 0.573, P = 0.569) and male body length (t = 0.742, P = 0.461). There was no significant difference between them. Conclusions The praziquantel resistance of Schistosoma japonicum was significantly higher than that of the susceptible strain in the fecundity and liver deposition, suggesting that the pathogenicity of the praziquantel-resistant strain was stronger than that of the host strain. More than the sensitive strains, suggesting that the resistant strains of the propagation energy is higher than the sensitive strains.