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目的了解昆山市流动人口子女民办学校小学生对传染病防控相关知信行(Knowledge,attitudes and practices,KAP)现状,为探讨学校传染病突发事件防控对策提供理论依据。方法采取整群分层随机抽样方法,选择昆山市所有流动人口子女民办小学,抽取四～六年级学生各50名,对学校突发公共卫生事件防控相关KAP进行匿名问卷调查。结果 1 648名小学生所调查15道传染病防控相关知识题,正确率最高为81.2%、最低仅30.0%,平均正确率为68.0%;各题正确率女生高于男生、高年级优于低年级,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.680,P﹤0.05;χ2=23.786,P﹤0.01)。所调查10道态度题,平均正确率为71.3%,各题的正确率最高达82.8%、最低为45.5%,性别之间比较有4题、年级之间比较有8题,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=18.274,P﹤0.05;χ2=33.256,P﹤0.01)。10道行为调查题仅1道题正确率>70%,其它题均<60%,性别和年级比较差异均有统计学意义(χ2=10.691,P﹤0.05;χ2=24.385,P﹤0.01)。结论小学生对传染病防控相关KAP答题正确率各方面普遍较低,学校应加强对小学生传染病防控知识宣教,强化防控意识,促进健康行为习惯的养成,提升学校传染病突发事件的防控能力。
Objective To understand the status quo of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of prevention and control of infectious diseases among school-age children in private schools in Kunshan, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of epidemic outbreaks in schools. Methods A stratified stratified random sampling method was adopted to select all private primary schools for children of floating population in Kunshan City. 50 students in grades four to six were selected to conduct anonymous questionnaire on KAP related to prevention and control of public health emergencies in schools. Results 1 648 primary school students investigated 15 infectious diseases prevention and control related knowledge, the highest correct rate was 81.2%, the lowest was only 30.0%, the average correct rate was 68.0%; the correct rate of the girls was higher than that of the boys, Grade, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 9.680, P <0.05; χ2 = 23.786, P <0.01). The surveyed 10 attitude questions, the average correct rate was 71.3%, the correct rate of the questions up to 82.8%, the lowest was 45.5%, there were 4 questions between the sexes, there were 8 questions between the grades, the differences were statistically Significance (χ2 = 18.274, P <0.05; χ2 = 33.256, P <0.01). The accuracy of the 10-item behavioral survey was only 70%, and other questions were less than 60%. There was significant difference between sex and grade (χ2 = 10.691, P <0.05; χ2 = 24.385, P <0.01). Conclusions Primary school students generally have a low accuracy rate of KAP in relation to the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Schools should step up their knowledge of prevention and control of infectious diseases among primary school students, strengthen awareness of prevention and control, promote the development of healthy behavior habits, and raise the incidence of infectious diseases in schools Prevention and control ability.