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一、第十五讲介绍了砖砌台阶。砖砌台阶的顶层砖应侧砌还是平砌?为什么?砖砌台阶的顶层砖应侧砌,如图1,这是因为:1.砌体受压时,砖不仅受压,同时受弯、受拉、受剪。砖侧砌时,其抗弯、抗剪能力显著提高,因此,顶层砖侧砌能提高砌体的抗压强度。2.侧砌时,踏步表面灰缝多,抹面砂浆与砖砌体粘结牢固,不易裂缝、起壳。3.当顶层砖侧砌时,其绝大部分表面积在砂浆
First, the fifteenth lecture introduced the brick steps. Should the top brick of a brick stair be laid side by side or be laid flat? Why? The top brick of a brick stair should be side-mounted, as shown in Fig. 1, because: 1. When the masonry is under pressure, the brick is not only pressed, but also bent. Pulled and cut. When bricks are laid on the side, their bending and shearing resistance are significantly improved. Therefore, the bricks on the top floor can improve the compressive strength of the masonry. 2. When laying on the side, the step surface has more ash seams, and the screed mortar and the brick masonry body are firmly bonded and are not easy to crack or shell. 3. When the top brick is built on the side, most of its surface area is in the mortar