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树木的空间格局分析对于了解环境变异对种群或群落生态学过程的影响和深入认识森林群落多样性及其维持机制具有重要意义。本研究以温带长白山(CBS)、暖温带关帝山(GDS)、亚热带黑石顶(HSD)样地监测数据为基础,采用成对相关函数g(r)分析了3个样地共有的3科(松科、壳斗科、蔷薇科)树木的空间分布格局及其关联性。结果表明:1)不同样地3科树木分布数量及结构特征存在差异。松科在GDS分布数量较多,呈双峰型径级结构,在CBS和HSD分布数量少,径级结构近似正态分布;壳斗科在CBS和GDS分布数量少,分别呈双峰型和偏正态径级结构,在HSD分布数量多,呈倒“J”型径级分布;蔷薇科在GDS分布数量多,呈“L”型径级分布,在CBS和HSD分布相对较少,径级结构分别呈倒“J”型和“L”型分布。2)3科树木空间分布格局在不同样地表现也不同,松科的大径级个体在CBS和GDS小尺度上呈均匀分布,在HSD呈聚集分布,中、小径级在3个样地均呈聚集分布;壳斗科在CBS以大径级个体为主,呈近似随机分布,在GDS和HSD以中、小径级为主,呈聚集性分布格局;蔷薇科在3个样地均为聚集分布。3科树木的聚集程度均随尺度增加而降低。3)大径级的壳斗科个体在CBS和HSD与松科呈不相关或小尺度负相关关系,中、小径级的壳斗科在CBS和GDS与松科呈负相关关系,但在HSD与松科表现为正相关;松科与蔷薇科在3个样地均表现为负相关;中、小径级的壳斗科与蔷薇科在CBS和GDS呈正相关关系,但在HSD呈负相关关系。总之,3科树木空间分布格局及关联性随径级、尺度而变化且在不同样地内有不同表现。
Spatial pattern analysis of trees is of great significance for understanding the impact of environmental variation on population or community ecological processes and for understanding the diversity of forest communities and their maintenance mechanisms. Based on the monitoring data of CBS, GDS and HSD samples in the temperate zone, the correlation coefficient g (r) was used to analyze the data of 3 families (Pinaceae, Fagaceae, Rosaceae) trees and their correlations. The results showed that: 1) there were differences in the distribution and structure characteristics of three families of trees in different plots. Pinus densiflora is distributed in a large number in the GDS, showing a bimodal diameter-class structure with a small distribution in the CBS and HSD and a normal distribution of the radial structure. The distribution of Pinus densidae in CBS and GDS is small, with bimodal and There were many diameter distributions of HSD in the distribution of HSD. Rosaceae distributed more in GDS with “L” diameter distribution, with less distribution in CBS and HSD Level structure were inverted “J” type and “L” type distribution. 2) The spatial distribution pattern of tree species in three families is also different in different plots. Pinus macrobenthos are distributed uniformly on the small scale of CBS and GDS, aggregated in the HSD, The Fagaceae was clustered mainly in the large-diameter individuals in the CBS and distributed in an approximately random manner. The GDS and HSD were mainly distributed in medium and small-diameter classes, with aggregative distribution patterns. Rosaceae were clustered in three plots distributed. The degree of aggregation of three families of trees decreased with the increase of scale. 3) There was no or small-scale negative correlation between individuals with large-diameter crustaceans in CBS and HSD, and those with small-diameter ones in CBS and GDS were negatively correlated with that in pine And Pinaceae showed positive correlation; Pinaceae and Rosaceae were negatively correlated in the three plots; the middle and small diameter classes Fagaceae and Rosaceae had a positive correlation between CBS and GDS, but negatively correlated with HSD . In a word, the spatial distribution pattern and the correlation of tree species in three families vary with the diameter and scale, and they have different appearances in different plots.