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目的分析和评价湖北省神农架林区2016年主要死因对人群期望寿命及其损失的影响,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法通过对2016年神农架林区全人群死因监测数据的整理统计,计算分析居民期望寿命、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、潜在减寿率(PYLLR)、平均减寿年数(AYLL)、潜在工作损失年(WPYLL)、潜在平均工作损失年(WAYLL)、潜在工作损失率(WPYLLR)等指标。结果 2016年神农架林区人口期望寿命为76.62岁,其中男性73.42岁,女性80.16岁;处于死因构成前5位的依次是恶性肿瘤、损伤中毒、呼吸系统疾病、心脏病和脑血管疾病;去除前5位死因后,人均期望寿命可分别提高2.27、2.39、1.40、1.39、1.07岁。对居民早死威胁最大的是以跌倒、工伤、交通事故、自害行为为主的损伤中毒类;其次是恶性肿瘤,以肺癌为首。PYLL前3位依次是损伤中毒、恶性肿瘤和心脏病,减寿年数分别为1 260年、974年和275年。AYLL前3位分别是围生期疾病、先天性疾病和损伤中毒,每人每年平均减寿70、70和11.15年。20~59岁劳动力人口WPYLL、WAYLL和WPYLLR前3位与导致PYLL的疾病一致,依次是损伤中毒、恶性肿瘤和心脏病。劳动力人口每年每千人因这些疾病分别损失25.90、21.48和18.58工作年。结论神农架林区人口期望寿命值有待进一步提高,加强针对不同人群损伤中毒、以恶性肿瘤为首的慢性病和围生期先天性疾病的防治策略研究是非常必要的。
Objective To analyze and evaluate the impact of major causes of death in 2016 on the life expectancy and loss of population in Shennongjia forest area in Hubei Province and provide the basis for the prevention and control strategies. Methods According to the statistics of death causes of whole population in Shennongjia forest area in 2016, the life expectancy, potential years of life lost (PYLL), potential life expectancy (PYLLR), average years of life lost (AYLL), potential work loss Year (WPYLL), potential average working loss years (WAYLL), potential work loss rate (WPYLLR) and other indicators. Results The population life expectancy in Shennongjia forest area in 2016 was 76.62 years, of which male was 73.42 years and female was 80.16 years old. The top five causes of death causes were malignant tumor, injury poisoning, respiratory disease, heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Before removal After the 5-cause of death, the average life expectancy per capita can be increased by 2.27,2.39,1.40,1.39,1.07 years respectively. The most threatening premature death for residents is poisoning caused by falls, injuries, traffic accidents and self-harm behaviors, followed by malignant tumors and lung cancer. The top 3 PYLLs were followed by injury poisoning, malignant tumor and heart disease with the longevity of 1 260 years, 974 years and 275 years respectively. AYLL the first three were perinatal diseases, congenital diseases and injuries, each of the average annual life expectancy 70,70 and 11.15 years. The top 3 WPYLL, WAYLL and WPYLLR labor force population aged 20-59 are consistent with the diseases that lead to PYLL, followed by injury poisoning, malignant tumor and heart disease. The working-age population each year losses 25.90, 21.48 and 18.58 years for each of these diseases. Conclusion The population life expectancy in Shennongjia forest area needs to be further improved. It is necessary to study the prevention and treatment strategies of chronic diseases and perinatal congenital diseases, which are mainly caused by malignant tumors and are poisoned by different populations.