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引起呼吸系感染病原体的种类很多,小儿通常的呼吸系感染症90%以上是由病毒感染引起的。在成年人,特别是50岁以上的严重呼吸系感染的病因多以细菌为主。这些病原体中仅就病毒来看种类极多,以流感病毒为主,其次有副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒,鼻病毒、肠病毒、冠状病毒、疱疹病毒等等。流行病原体依年度和时期变化很大,这为检查呼吸系感染病因的重要特点。在此,就病原微生物检出情报所收集的与呼吸系感染有关的病毒(包括支原体),试概述1983年以来的成绩。
Respiratory infections cause many types of pathogens in children, more than 90% of the usual respiratory infections in children is caused by a viral infection. Bacteria predominate in adults, especially those over the age of 50, who have severe respiratory infections. Only a very large number of these pathogens in terms of the virus, mainly influenza virus, followed by parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, enterovirus, coronavirus, herpes virus and so on. Epidemiological pathogens vary greatly according to the year and period, which is an important feature of the etiology of respiratory infections. Here, the viruses (including mycoplasma) related to respiratory infections collected from the detection of pathogenic microorganisms are tried to outline the achievements since 1983.