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生长分化因子-9(GDF-9)属于β-转化生长因子(TGF-β)家族,主要在卵巢组织中表达,对较早期卵泡的卵母细胞生长和有丝分裂具有促进作用。影响卵母细胞内细胞器的分布和透明带的完整性;刺激颗粒细胞增殖,抑制卵泡刺激素(FSH)诱导的颗粒细胞分化,调节卵丘膨胀;促进卵泡膜标志物增加,刺激卵泡膜层形成;影响卵巢激素的合成,存在种属差异;与FSH共同调节卵泡发育及卵巢激素分泌。在多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者卵泡中呈现低水平表达。其可能通过启动Smads信号传导因子发挥作用。
GDF-9 belongs to the family of β-transforming growth factor (TGF-β) and is mainly expressed in ovarian tissues. It promotes the oocyte growth and mitosis of early follicles. Affect the distribution of organelles in oocytes and the integrity of the zona pellucida; stimulate the proliferation of granulosa cells, inhibit the differentiation of granulosa cells induced by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), regulate the cumulus dilation, promote the increase of the follicle-cell markers and stimulate the formation of the follicular layer ; Affect the synthesis of ovarian hormones, there are species differences; together with FSH regulate follicular development and ovarian hormone secretion. In polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients showed low levels of follicles. It may play a role by activating Smads signaling.