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近代韵书及史料表明,官话系的影疑母在明清时代就已全面合流。文章运用当代音系学的新标记理论CoMP,运用十个方言点的语料,通过历时和共时的音系分析后发现,这两个声母的演变不仅体现了标记性不断弱化的趋势,同时伴有标记性保留现象。正是这种标记性保留与弱化的相互交织,产生了目前复杂的共时格局。其演变不是任意的,而是有相同的音系理据,并从一个侧面反映了汉语方言变化的客观规律。同时,基于制约条件交互的音系分析表明:CoMP理论可以输出符合语言事实的优选项,体现了该理论的强大解释力。
Modern rhyme books and historical data show that the official suspect in the Ming and Qing Dynasties have fully merged. Using CoMP, a new phonetic theory of contemporary phonology, the corpus of ten dialects is used to analyze phonology of diachronic and synchronic periods. It is found that the evolution of these two initials not only reflects the tendency of weakening of the signatures, Marked retention phenomenon. It is this intertwined preservation and weakening of the mark that creates the current complex pattern of synchronicity. Its evolution is not arbitrary, but has the same phonological rationale, and from one aspect reflects the objective law of the change of Chinese dialects. At the same time, phonological analysis based on interaction between constraints shows that the CoMP theory can output the preferences that accord with linguistic facts and embodies the powerful explanatory power of the theory.