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目的 :对听神经病的病因和病理机制进行初步探讨。方法 :应用放免法、EL ISA双抗体夹心法、荧光免疫法分别检测 2 8例听神经病患者血清中的髓鞘碱蛋白 (MBP)、细胞因子白介素 - 2 (IL- 2 )及肿瘤坏死因子 - α(TNF- α)、内耳抗体(AEA)。结果 :1听神经病患者血清中的 MBP含量为 :1.76～ 3.5 7ng/ ml(2 .5 3± 0 .42 )在正常范围 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;2听神经病患者血清中的细胞因子 IL - 2及 TNF-α均未检出 (<10 pg/ ml) ;371.43%听神经病患者血清中 AEA(Ig M和 Ig G)阳性 ,以 Ig M为主 ,其次为 Ig G。结论 :本实验结果表明 :听神经病的病理改变无中枢神经系统脱髓鞘也无外周神经系统的炎症性脱髓鞘 ;自身免疫反应可能参与听神经病神经损害的病理过程。听神经病的病理损害究竟是否为外周神经脱髓鞘以及脱髓鞘的性质还有待于进一步研究。
Objective: To investigate the etiology and pathology of auditory neuropathy. Methods: Serum levels of MBP, IL - 2 and TNF - α in 28 patients with auditory neuropathy were detected by radioimmunoassay, EL ISA double antibody sandwich method and fluorescence immunoassay. α (TNF-α), inner ear antibody (AEA). Results: The serum MBP levels in patients with auditory neuropathy ranged from 1.76 to 3.5 7 ng / ml (2.53 ± 0.42) in the normal range (P> 0.05) .2 Serum levels of cytokines IL-2 and TNF-α were not detected (<10 pg / ml); AEA (Ig M and Ig G) were positive in 371.43% of the patients with auditory neuropathy. Conclusion: The experimental results show that the pathological changes of auditory neuropathy have no demyelination of central nervous system and no inflammatory demyelination of peripheral nervous system. The autoimmune reaction may be involved in the pathological process of neuropathy of auditory neuropathy. Whether the pathological lesions of auditory neuropathy demyelination and demyelination of peripheral nerves remains to be further studied.