论文部分内容阅读
最近,公安部二局宋阳同志撰写了《质疑经侦“初查”制度》(发表于《中国刑事警察》2004年第4期,以下简称《质疑》),其主要观点包括: “初查”欠缺法律依据、“初查”具有一定的危害、立案前“初查”没有必要、应创建“立案后初查”制度。笔者认为,不管是“初查”、“立案侦查”、还是“立案后初查”,事实上就是一个侦查程序的启动问题,而侦查程序的启动问题又事关公民的自由和对犯罪的追究,即在刑事侦查程序中,国家维护秩序的需要和保障公民个人自由的利益分殊与价值冲突尤为激烈,形成了此赢彼输的“零和博弈”:要维护社会的秩序和安全,就要求强化国家惩罚犯罪的权力机制,这又会对公民的个人自由造成严重威胁;而要伸张和保障公民个人自由,就要求对国家权力尤其是强制性权力加以制约,而这又会损害国家追究犯罪、惩罚犯罪的能力。从这个角度讲,对“初查”、“立案侦查”、还是“立案后初查”需要有一个正确的认识就显得尤为重要,这是《质疑》一文的参考价值所在,也是笔者《也谈经侦“初查”制度》的出发点。
Recently, Comrade Song Yang, the second bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, wrote the article entitled “Questioning the Preliminary Investigation System of the Economic Investigation Department” (published in “China Criminal Police” No. 4, 2004, hereinafter referred to as “questioning”). Its main points of view include: “Lack of legal basis,” the first survey “has a certain degree of harm,” preliminary investigation “before the filing is not necessary, should create a” preliminary investigation after filing “system. In my opinion, whether it is ”preliminary investigation“, ”investigation on file“ or ”preliminary investigation after investigation“, in fact it is the starting problem of an investigation procedure, and the start-up of investigation procedure also concerns the freedom of citizens and the investigation of crimes , That is, in the criminal investigation procedure, the conflict between the interest and value of the state in safeguarding the order and safeguarding the individual freedom of the individual is particularly fierce, forming the ”zero-sum game“ in which the two sides win each other. In order to maintain social order and security, Demanding the strengthening of the state power to punish crime, which in turn poses a serious threat to the personal freedom of citizens. To expand and guarantee individual citizens’ freedom requires restricting state power, especially mandatory ones, which in turn will undermine the national accountability Crime, the ability to punish crime. From this point of view, it is particularly important to have a correct understanding of ”preliminary investigation“, ”investigation on file for investigation“ or ”preliminary investigation after investigation“, which is also the reference value of ”questioning“ and also the author’s ”talk The starting point of “preliminary investigation” system of Economic Investigation.