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劳务输出又称劳务出口,是以劳动力提供劳务的形式向国外（或境外）输出,它是一国对外贸易的重要组成部分。国际间劳动力的流动已有百年的历史,但是大规模的劳务输出是在第二次世界大战以后开始的。经过近半个世纪的发展,形成了以欧洲、北美、中东、澳新及亚太为中心的五大热点区。一些经济发达国家受出生率下降和老龄化因素的影响,本国劳动力增长缓慢,劳动力资源匮乏,不得不从国外吸收劳动力。据资料,经合组织国家劳动力年均增长0.5％,德国甚至出现0.3％的负增长;美国、日本、澳大利亚、新西兰、新加坡等国都不同程度地出现劳动力缺乏的现象。日本1991年短缺技术工人达300万人。新加坡近几年已输入劳动力12万人。中东地区1975年有外籍劳工200万人;自80年代起每年曾以10％的速度增长。世界发达国家对劳务的需求在相当一段时期内仍然会居高不下,据预测,未来10年世界劳动人口将增长6亿,增长27％,其中5.7亿属发展中国家,劳动力资源缺乏将仍然是发达国家面临的问题。90年代以后,国际劳务输出无论从发展规模、扩展的领域以及在世界贸易中所占的份额来看,都表现出新的发展势态。对于劳动力资源极为丰富的我国来说,无疑是一个发展的契机。抓住机遇,积极参与国际劳务市场的竞争,是我国政府面临的一个重要任务
The export of labor services, also known as labor exports, is exported to foreign countries (or overseas) in the form of labor services provided by labor. It is an important part of a country’s foreign trade. The flow of international labor force has been around for a hundred years, but large-scale labor export started after World War II. After nearly half a century of development, the five hot spots centered on Europe, North America, the Middle East, Australia and New Zealand and Asia Pacific have been formed. In some economically developed countries, due to the declining birth rate and the aging factor, their labor force has been slow to grow and its labor resources are scarce. Therefore, the labor force has to be absorbed from abroad. According to statistics, the OECD country’s labor force average annual growth of 0.5%, Germany even 0.3% negative growth; the United States, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore and other countries have varying degrees of labor shortage phenomenon. Japan’s shortage of skilled workers reached 3 million in 1991. In recent years, Singapore has imported 120,000 workforce. In the Middle East, there were 2 million foreign workers in 1975; it has been growing at a rate of 10% annually since the 1980s. Demand for labor in the developed countries in the world will remain high for quite some time. It is predicted that the world’s working population will grow by 600 million in the next 10 years, up 27%, of which 570 million belong to developing countries and the labor shortage will remain Problems facing developed countries. After the 1990s, the international labor export shows a new development trend in terms of the scale of development, the area of expansion and the share of world trade. For our country with abundant labor resources, it is undoubtedly an opportunity for development. To seize the opportunity and actively participate in the competition in the international labor market is an important task our government is facing