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一台计算机当然是一个物理系统,计算过程是这个物理系统的一种时间演化。不仅构成计算机的元器件按照物理规律运行,而且它们要受到基本物理规律的制约。限制是一种否定。毫不偶然,基本的物理规律都可以用否定形式表述:不可能制造第一类和第二类永动机,不可能区分引力质量和惯性质量,物体的运动速度不可能超过光速,物体的温度不可能降到绝对零度,不可能同时精确测定微观粒子的坐标和动量,等等。只有认识了
Of course, a computer is a physical system. The calculation process is a kind of temporal evolution of this physical system. Not only constitute the computer components in accordance with the laws of physics, and they are subject to the basic laws of physics constraints. Limitation is a negation. It is no coincidence that the basic laws of physics can be expressed in the negative form: it is impossible to make the first and second perpetual motion machines, it is impossible to distinguish the gravitational and inertial mass, the velocity of the object can not exceed the speed of light, the temperature of the object is not It is possible to drop to absolute zero, impossible to accurately determine the coordinates and momentum of the microscopic particles at the same time, and so on. Only know