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目的:分析围产儿死亡原因及其影响因素,制定可行的降低围产儿死亡率的干预措施。方法:统计2002～2006年度5年间津南区基层医疗保健机构进行孕产妇管理及辖区各产院分娩的孕产妇总数和围产儿死亡数,对5年间的围产儿死亡情况进行回顾性分析。结果:5年间共监测16 693例围产儿,死亡181例,平均死亡率10.84‰;死因前4位依次为死胎72例、畸形54例、早产20例、新生儿窒息16例;高危孕产妇中围产儿死亡率远高于正常孕产妇。结论:围产儿病死率的下降是围产保健、产科合并症和并发症的正确处理和新生儿医学发展的共同结果。加强孕产期保健服务、提高产儿科质量管理、熟练掌握新生儿窒息复苏技术,提高医务人员的专业知识和抢救技术水平,可有效降低围产儿死亡率。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the causes of perinatal death and its influencing factors and to develop feasible interventions to reduce perinatal mortality. Methods: The total number of maternal and perinatal deaths in Jinnan district primary health care institutions during maternity and maternity delivery in each district in the five years from 2002 to 2006 were calculated. The 5-year perinatal mortality was analyzed retrospectively. Results: A total of 16 693 perinatal children were monitored during the five years, with an average mortality rate of 10.84 ‰. The top four causes of death were 72 stillbirths, 54 deformities, 20 premature births and 16 asphyxia neonates. Perinatal mortality is much higher than that of normal pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS: The decline in perinatal mortality is a common result of proper management of perinatal care, obstetric complications and complications, and neonatal medical development. Strengthening maternal health care services, improving pediatric quality management, mastering newborn apnea and resuscitation techniques, and improving professional knowledge and skills of medical staff can effectively reduce the perinatal mortality rate.