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目的：观察比较低分子量肝素（ＬＭＷＨ）、肝素ｉｖ和ｓｃ的抗栓和抗凝作用。方法：按Ｃｈａｎｄｌｅｒ氏法由兔颈总动脉取血制备混合血栓和结扎大鼠下腔静脉制备静脉血栓模型；全血凝固时间（ＣＴ）按试管法测定，凝血酶时间（ＴＴ）、凝血酶原时间（ＰＴ）、活化的部分凝血活酶时间（ＡＰＴＴ）和复钙时间（ＲＴ）均按常规方法测定。结果：ｉｖ时，ＬＭＷＨ组兔血栓重量低于等抗凝单位的肝素，对大鼠血栓重量的影响与等抗凝单位的肝素相似，对ＴＴ的延长作用弱于肝素，对ＣＴ，ＰＴ，ＡＰＴＴ和ＲＴ的延长作用与肝素相似。ｓｃ时，ＬＭＷＨ组两种血栓模型的血栓重量均低于肝素组，而且对ＣＴ，ＰＴ，ＡＰＴＴ，ＴＴ和ＲＴ的延长也明显强于肝素。结论：ｉｖＬＭＷＨ的抗栓作用强于肝素或与肝素相似，抗凝作用与肝素相似或较弱。ｓｃ时，ＬＭＷＨ的抗栓及抗凝作用均强于肝素。
Objective: To observe the antithrombotic and anticoagulant effects of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), heparin iv and sc. Methods: The thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (TT), thromboplastin time (CT) were determined by the method of Chandler’s method. The blood samples were collected from rabbit common carotid artery to prepare mixed thrombus and ligated rat inferior vena cava. Time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and calcium complexation time (RT) were determined by routine methods. Results: At iv, the heparin with LMWH group had lower thrombus weight than the equivalent anticoagulant unit, and had similar effects on the thrombus weight of heparin in the LMWH group compared with heparin in the same anticoagulant unit. The lengthening effect on TT was weaker than that on heparin. The CT, PT, APTT And the extension of the role of RT and heparin similar. sc, the thrombus weight of both thrombus models in LMWH group was lower than that in heparin group, and the extension of CT, PT, APTT, TT and RT was also significantly stronger than that of heparin. CONCLUSION: ivLMWH is more antithrombotic than heparin or similar to heparin, with anticoagulant effects similar or weaker to heparin. When sc, LMWH antithrombotic and anticoagulant effects are stronger than heparin.