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目的掌握广西儿童传染病的流行病学特点,为有效控制其流行提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,分析广西2009年0～6岁儿童传染病发病资料。结果 2009年广西0～6岁儿童无甲类传染病发生;乙、丙类传染病共发生23种,发病率为1 720.47/10万,发病数占广西全人群传染病数的29.14%。发病居前5位的病种有手足口病、其他感染性腹泻、流行性腮腺炎、痢疾和梅毒,占发病总数的95.65%。死亡居前5位的病种依次为狂犬病、其他感染性腹泻、手足口病、新生儿破伤风和艾滋病,占死亡总数的80.46%。广西各市、县均有病例发生,南宁市发病率最高,其次柳州市和防城港市,钦州市和贵港市发病率较低。全年均有病例报告,各类传染病有不同的发病高峰季节,总体而言,3月中旬发病数开始升高,4月中旬到达高峰,7月上旬降至低谷。0岁和1岁组发病占总发病数的一半左右,但各类传染病发病率高发年龄组不同。散居儿童发病占74.66%,幼托儿童占21.75%,学生占2.89%。男、女发病比例为1∶0.56。结论 2009年广西0～6岁儿童法定报告传染病总发病率仍维持较高水平,尤其是0岁和1岁组儿童肠道传染病发病率,提示儿童肠道传染病是广西传染病防治重点之一。
Objective To grasp the epidemiological characteristics of children’s infectious diseases in Guangxi and provide scientific evidence for their effective control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of infectious diseases in children aged 0 ~ 6 years in Guangxi in 2009. Results In 2009, there were 23 kinds of B and C infectious diseases in Guangxi children aged 0-6 years. The incidence was 1 720.47 / 100000, accounting for 29.14% of the total number of infectious diseases in Guangxi. The top five diseases were hand-foot-mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea, mumps, dysentery and syphilis, accounting for 95.65% of the total. The top 5 deaths were rabies, other infectious diarrhea, HFMD, neonatal tetanus and AIDS, accounting for 80.46% of the total deaths. Guangxi cities and counties have cases, Nanning City, the highest incidence, followed by Liuzhou City and Fangchenggang City, Qinzhou City and Guigang City, a lower incidence. There were case reports throughout the year, with all kinds of infectious diseases having different peak season of onset. Overall, the number of cases started to rise in mid-March, reached the peak in mid-April and dropped to the lowest in early July. The incidence of 0-year-old and 1-year-old group accounted for about half of the total number of cases, but the incidence of various types of infectious diseases in different age groups. The incidence of diaspora accounted for 74.66%, preschool children accounted for 21.75%, students accounted for 2.89%. Male and female incidence ratio of 1: 0.56. Conclusion In 2009, the total incidence of statutory reported communicable diseases among children aged 0 ~ 6 in Guangxi remained at a high level, especially the incidence of intestinal infectious diseases in children aged 0 and 1 years, suggesting that intestinal infectious diseases in children are the focus of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in Guangxi one.