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2009年江苏省沿海开发规划上升为国家战略,了解江苏沿海城市过去土地利用变化轨迹以及驱动因子是未来江苏省沿海城市土地利用规划的重要基础性工作。基于5期TM30 m×30 m RS遥感影像和GIS技术,分析东台市1980~2010年土地利用结构与变化轨迹,并通过典型对应分析(CCA)分析其与环境因子之间的关系。结果表明,东台市1980~2010年主要土地利用类型为耕地(2029.02 km2)、建设用地(155.31 km2)、草地(60.41 km2)和水域(56.56 km2)。近30年土地利用变化量占总面积的16.98%,其中耕地、草地和建设用地变化量最大。土地利用变化最主要轨迹为耕地转建设用地,主要位于市区及周边地区,其次为草地转耕地,主要位于海岸带地区。东台市土地利用变化热点区域分别为市中心和海岸带,二者相距较远,相对独立。CCA分析显示城镇、交通和斑块形状复杂程度等是影响沿海城市土地利用变化的重要因子,海岸线作为沿海城市主要特征,随着海岸滩涂围垦开发,到海岸距离也是沿海城市土地利用变化的重要影响因子。因此,在沿海城市土地利用规划中需要重点考虑城镇布局、交通等基础设施分布、斑块的形状等因子,通过海岸带土地利用方式转变来加强市区与海岸带之间联系,促进社会经济转变,进一步保护海岸生态环境,提高海岸开发综合效益,引导土地利用走向可持续发展道路。
In 2009, the coastal development plan of Jiangsu Province rose to a national strategy. It is important to understand the track of land use change and its driving factor in the coastal cities in Jiangsu in the future land use planning of coastal cities in Jiangsu Province. Based on five TM30 m × 30 m RS remote sensing images and GIS technology, this paper analyzes the land use structure and its changing trajectory from 1980 to 2010 in Dongtai, and analyzes its relationship with environmental factors through Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The results showed that the main land use types in Dongtai from 1980 to 2010 were cultivated land (2029.02 km2), construction site (155.31 km2), grassland (60.41 km2) and water area (56.56 km2). In the recent 30 years, the change of land use accounted for 16.98% of the total area, of which the change of cultivated land, grassland and construction land was the largest. The main trajectory of land use change is the conversion of arable land to construction land, mainly located in the urban area and the surrounding area, followed by grassland conversion to cultivated land, mainly located in the coastal zone. The hot spots of land use change in Dongtai City are the city center and coastal zone respectively, which are relatively far away and relatively independent. CCA analysis shows that the complexity of town, traffic and plaque shape are the important factors affecting the land use change in coastal cities. As the main feature of coastal cities, the coastline is the major characteristic of coastal cities. With the development of coastal beach reclamation and development, the distance from the coast to the coastal cities is also an important influence of land use change factor. Therefore, in the planning of land use in coastal cities, it is necessary to give consideration to such factors as the distribution of urban and rural areas, distribution of traffic and other infrastructures and the shape of plaques. The transformation of land use patterns in coastal areas should be strengthened to strengthen the linkages between urban areas and coastal areas and promote socio-economic changes , Further protect the coastal ecological environment, enhance the comprehensive benefits of coastal development, and guide land use to the path of sustainable development.